International relations is the study of how states and other entities engage with one another across their borders. It encompasses a range of subjects from the history of hunting and gathering to the development of agriculture and subsequently the domestication of animals, the invention of pottery and metal work and eventually to the rise of urban settlements and trade with each other.
This area of politics examines why, when and how countries seek to protect their interests abroad, as well as the impact that international events have on these decisions. IR scholars use theories based on power, security, economy and culture to explain why some policies are successful while others are not.
An underlying theme is how the world has changed through technological, social and economic developments over time and what these changes have meant for governance and warfare. In particular, the rise of globalisation has impacted how we interact with each other, as has the changing nature of war and peace between states and non-state actors such as IGOs, NGOs and MNCs.
Increasingly, the United States seeks to imbed its values and interests in regimes and organizations that can last beyond its own lifetime. This allows Washington to achieve its policy aims in a way that will last long after it has left the scene and can reduce the chances of cultural and political tactics that might sap its own strength over time. A defining feature of this approach is its emphasis on cooperation with other states.